VAGINITIS (YEAST)
What are Candida or "yeast" infections? Yeast infections of the vagina are what most women think of when they hear the term "vaginitis." They are caused by one of the many species of fungus called Candida. Candida normally live in small numbers in the vagina as well as in the mouth and digestive tract of both men and women.
Yeast infections produce a thick, white vaginal discharge with the consistency of cottage cheese. Although the discharge can be somewhat watery, it is odorless. Yeast infections usually cause the vagina and the vulva to be very itchy and red.
Since yeast is normal in a women's vagina, what makes it cause an infection? Usually this happens when a change in the delicate balance in a woman's system occurs. For example, a woman may take an antibiotic to treat a urinary tract infection and the antibiotic kills her "friendly" bacteria that normally keep the yeast in balance; as a result the yeast overgrows and causes the infection. Other factors which can upset the delicate balance include pregnancy which changes hormone levels and diabetes which allows too much sugar in the urine and vagina.
SYMPTOMS: Thick, whitish discharge, itching, irritation, burning sensation, discomfort with urination and/or sexual relations.
CAUSE: Overgrowth of fungal organisms (yeast, monilia, Candida, etc.). This can be started by a variety of factors. Antibiotics can kill the normal vaginal bacteria. Then the yeast which are usually present in or near a women's vagina can multiply. Other common precipitating factors are any illness especially intestinal upset or diarrhea. Stress, the premenstrual period or vaginal intercourse following anal intercoursecan also cause yeast infections.
DIAGNOSIS: Can be guessed by the symptoms. Microscopic examination of the vaginal discharge or culture tests can confirm the diagnosis.
TREATMENT: Effective medications are available without a prescription. The ones currently available (Myclex G, Monistat, Gynelotrimin, Vagistat or generic clotrimazole) have about the same rates of cure so buy whichever one is cheapest. The creams are more useful since you can put them inside the vagina and also rub them around the opening to relieve symptoms quicker. Most women only need half an applicator placed into the vagina at bedtime. Use it for 2 or 3 days after the symptoms are gone. The manufacturer wants you to use a full applicator for a longer time so you'll buy more of their product.
More effective creams are available by prescription. There is also a pill that is very effective with only one dose.
PREVENTION: Eating yogurt reduces the risk. Putting yogurt in the vagina is more effective. Don't wear underwear at night. Your body needs a chance to be cool and dry after a day of clothing which traps heat and moisture. If you're prone to yeast infections and have to take an antibiotic start using anti-yeast cream as soon as you start the antibiotics. After using the bathroom wipe from front to back. Don't permit vaginal intercourse after anal intercourse unless your boyfriend washes his penis first.