Fungus Foray, 22 November 2009

 

Our foray this year was again held jointly with the West Weald Recording Group, and returned to Oxshott Heath, led by Brian Spooner.  Our route this time though took us westwards towards Brown's Corner, through the woodlands adjacent to the railway line, and back via areas recently cleared as part of the ongoing heathland restoration work.  It was rather a late-season foray and, as last year, proved to be a bitterly cold, wet day!  There was a good turnout of forayers nevertheless, although by late morning the driving rain had dampened the enthusiasm of some.  Others more tenacious stayed for an afternoon look at the area north of Sandy Lane where the `starfish fungus' Aseroe rubra can be found in its only known British locality, and were duly rewarded with one fully open fruitbody and an egg stage.  The foray, despite the weather, was very productive, with a grand total of 160 species recorded in all, including seven new to the site - pretty good as the area is still probably the most richly recorded anywhere with over 3,300 species known in total.

Among those of particular interest was the earthtongue Geoglossum fallax, which, although one of the commoner of the Geoglossum species, has only once previously been recorded at Oxshott and was here in a new site.  Notable were large quantities of the pale form of the false chanterelle, Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca var. pallida, fruiting abundantly especially in recently cleared areas of pine woodland.  Also of interest was good material of Serpula himantioides, a `wild' relative of the dry rot fungus, fruiting on a fallen pine trunk, and a further record of Annulohypoxylon minutellum, one of the so-called `wood warts'.  This has only fairly recently been found in Britain (c. 1980, but most records since 2002) and is one of the few species of this group to occur on oak.  Amongst the new records was Marasmius setosus, a slender, whitish species which grows on fallen oak leaves.  Two other similar-looking species which also occur on fallen oak leaves, Mycena smithiana and Hemimycena lactea, were also recorded.  Two much larger agarics, the milkcap Lactarius chrysorrheus, very distinctive due to its copious yellow milk, and the rather less distinctive Tricholoma stiparophyllum, one of the brown-capped species, were also new records for the area.  Finally, pinkish-orange masses conspicuously developed on and around ergots, the stromata of Claviceps purpurea, in the inflorescence of purple moor-grass (Molinia caerulea), were noted at one spot.  These proved to be due to Fusarium heterosporum, an uncommon parasite of ergots and also a first record for the area.  The full species list for the day is provided below, with thanks to Mariko Parslow and Dick Alder for compiling this from various recorders.

Brian Spooner

 

 

Oxshott Heath, south

Ascomycota and anamorphs 

Aleuria aurantia

 

 

Annulohypoxylon minutellum

 

on fallen trunk, Quercus robur   K

Ascocoryne cylichnium

 

on wood

Ascocoryne sarcoides

 H

on stump, ?Pinus, with Coryne dubia state

Asteromella castaneicola

 

on fallen leaves, Castanea sativa

Claviceps purpureasclerotia

 

on inflorescences of Molinia caerulea

Cudoniella acicularis

 

on stump, Castanea sativa

*Fusarium heterosporum

 

on sclerotia of Claviceps p. on Molinia   K

Fusidium aeruginosum

 

on dead leaf, Quercus robur

Geoglossum fallax

 

on soil among moss, grass and herb. plants

Helvella crispa

 

under Quercus robur

Hypoxylon multiforme

 

on trunk, Betula pubescens, B. pendula

Lachnum apalum

 

on old rush culm in ditch, Juncus sp.

Leptosphaeria acuta

A

on old stem, Urtica dioica, Phoma stage

Microsphaera alphitoides

H

on leaves, Quercus robur

Nectria cinnabarina

A

on fallen branch, Acer campestre

Phyllactinia guttata

H

on leaves, Betula pendula, Corylus avellana

Phyllactinia fraxini

 

on fallen leaves, Fraxinus excelsior

Rhopographus filicinum

 

on stem, Pteridium aquilinum

Sepedonium chrysospermum

 

on effete fruitbody of Boletoid fungus

Sphaeropsis sapinea

 

on needles from brashings, Pinus sylvestris

Xylaria hypoxylon

H

on stump, Quercus robur

 

Basidiomycota

 

 

Abortiporus biennis

 

 

Amanita muscaria

 

 

Amanita rubescens

 

 

Armillaria gallica

 

 

Armillaria ostoyae

 

 

Auricularia auricula-judae

 

on attached branch, Sambucus nigra

Auriscalpium vulgare

 

on old cones Pinus sylvestris

Baeospora myosura

 

on cones, Pinus sylvestris

Bjerkandra adusta

 

on fallen trunk, Betula sp.

Boletus badius

 

 

Byssomerulius corium

 

on fallen branch, Quercus robur

Calocera viscosa

 

on wood, ?Betula sp.

Calvatia excipuliformis

 

 

Chondrostereum purpureum

 

on buried wood

Clavulinopsis helvola

 

on soil among moss, grass and herbs

Clitocybe metachroa

 

on litter, Quercus and Betula spp

Clitocybe nebularis

 

 

Collybia butyracea

 

 

Collybia confluens

 

 

Collybia dryophila

 

 

Collybia maculata

 

 

Collybia peronata

 

 

Coniophora puteana

 

on ?log, Betula sp.

Coprinellus angulatus

 

on burnt soil

Coprinellus micaceus

 

 

Crepidotus cesatii

 

on twig, deciduous wood

Crepidotus epibryus

 

on dead twig, Rosa sp., Rubus fruicosus agg.

Crepidotus lundellii

 

on dead trunk, Betula sp.

Crepidotus variabilis

 

on branch, Rubus fruicosus agg.

Cylindrobasidium laeve

 

on twig, Betula sp.

Daedalea quercina

 

on buried trunk

Daedaleopsis confragosa

 

 

*Entoloma hebes

 

 

Exidia nucleata

 

on attached branch, Quercus robur

Ganoderma applanatum

 

on stump, Quercus robur

Ganoderma australe (adspersum)

 

no material

Gymnopilus penetrans

 

on fallen branches

Hemimycena lactea

 

on dead leaf, Quercus robur   K

Hemimycena lactea

 

on dead leaf, Quercus robur   K

Hemimycena tortuosa

 

on deciduous litter

Heterobasidion annosum

 

 

Hygrocybe conica

 

 

Hygrocybe virginea

 

 

Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca

 

 

Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca var. pallida

 

 

Hygrophorus hypothejus

 

 under Betula pubescens

Hyphodontia sambuci

 

 on ?wood, Betula sp.

Hypholoma fasciculare

 

 

Inocybe geophylla var. lilacina

 

 

Ischnoderma benzoinum

 

 on ?Pinus sylvestris

Laccaria amethystina

 

 

Laccaria laccata

 

 

Lacrymaria lacrymabunda

 

 

*Lactarius chrysorrheus

 

 

Lactarius hepaticus

 

under Pinus sylvestris

Lactarius quietus

 

?under Quercus robur

Lactarius tabidus

 

under Quercus robur

Lactarius turpis

 

 

Lepista flaccida

 

 

Lepista nuda

 

 

Lyophyllum decastes

 

on fire site, record from EWB  

Macrotyphula fistulosus var. contortus

 

on Quercus robur

Marasmius epiphyllus

 

on dead leaf, Q. robur, Crataegus monogyna

Marasmius rotula

 

 

*Marasmius setosus

 

 on dead leaf, Quercus robur

Melampsoridium betulinum

 

 on fallen leaves, Betula pendula

Mycena acicula

 

 

Mycena adscendens

 

on bark at base of tree, Quercus robur

Mycena epipterygia

 

 

Mycena flavoalba

 

 

Mycena galericulata

 

 

Mycena galopus

 

 

Mycena galopus var. candida

 

 

*Mycena hiemalis

 

on standing trunk, Sambucus nigra   K

Mycena inclinata

 

 

Mycena leptocephala

 

 

Mycena polyadelpha

 

on dead leaf, Quercus robur

Mycena polygramma

 

 

*Mycena rosea

 

 

Mycena smithiana

 

on dead leaf, Quercus robur  K

Mycena speirea

 

 

Mycena vitilis

 

 

Paxillus involutus

 

 

Phanerochaete velutina

 

on branch, Betula sp.

Phlebia radiata

 

on fallen trunk, Quercus robur

Phlebia tremellosus

 

on felled log, Pinus sylvestris

Phragmidium violaceum

III

on living leaves, Rubus fruticosus agg.

Piptoporus betulinus

 

 

Pleurotus ostreatus

 

 

Psathyrella pennata

 

on burnt wood

Psathyrella piluliformis

 

('albino' on burnt wood  K)

Pseudotrametes gibbosa

 

 

Radulomyces molaris

 

on fallen branch, Quercus robur

Rickenella swartzii

 

 

Russula atropurpurea

 

near Quercus sp. and Betula sp.

Russula betularum

 

 

Russula foetens

 

 

Russula fragilis

 

 

Russula ochroleuca

 

 

Schizopora paradoxa

 

 

Scleroderma areolatum

 

 

Scleroderma citrinum

 

 

Sparassis crispa

 

on base of standing tree, Pinus sylvestris

Steccherinum ochraceum

 

on log, Betula sp.

Stereum gausapatum

 

on branch, Quercus robur

Stereum hirsutum

 

 

Stereum rameale

 

on branch, Quercus robur

Stereum subtomentosum

 

 

Suillus bovinus

 

 

Suillus luteus

 

 

Suillus variegatus

 

under Pinus sylvestris  K

Tephrocybe anthracophila

 

on burnt soil  K

Trametes versicolor

 

 

Tremella mesenterica

 

 

Tricholoma lascivum

 

under Quercus robur

*Tricholoma stiparophyllum

 

under Betula pubescens

Tricholoma sulphureum

 

 

Tubaria hiemalis

 

 

 

Notable additions from Oxshott Heath north

Ascomycota

 

 

Colpoma quercinum

 

on fallen twig, Quercus robur

Diatrypella favacea

 

on fallen trunk, Betula pendula

Hypocrea pulvinata

 

on Piptoporus betulinus

Octospora humosa

 

amongst Polytrichum sp.

Rhytisma acerinum

 

on fallen leaves, Acer pseudoplatanus

Sawadaea bicornis

H

on fallen leaves, Acer pseudoplatanus

 

Basidiomycota

Aseroe rubra

 

 

Calocera cornea

 

on decorticated wood, ? Betula pendula

Cortinarius sanguineus

 

 

Hohenbuehelia atrocoerulea

 

on stump, Ulex europaeus  K

Hydnum repandum

 

 

Lactarius vietus

 

 

Rickenella fibula

 

 

Serpula himantioides

 

on fallen trunk, Pinus sylvestris   K

Trichaptum abietinum

 

on pine branches

Postia subcaesia

 

on felled wood, Castanea sativa  K

 

Notable additions from Heath Road, Oxshott

Ascomycota

 

Otidea alutacea

Otidea onotica

Basidiomycota

Agaricus sylvaticus

Boletus edulis

Boletus erythropus

Lycoperdon perlatum

Ramaria stricta

* = new to the Esher/Oxshott list; K = retained in Kew herbarium.

H = holomorph - in an ascomycete, the stage when both the sexual and asexual stages of the fungus are present.

A = anamorph - in an ascomycete, the stage when only its asexual (conidial) stage is present.

III = telial stage - in a rust fungus (a basidiomycete), the stage when it has a telium, an organ which produces teliospores (or teleutospores), from which in turn a basidium is produced.