• Chapter 14:
  • The Highland Clearances and Reform
  • Life in the Highlands also was changing,

  • Effects on the clans really far-ranging,
  • Chiefs became landlords and moved the goal posts,
  • Thought sheep the answer to cover their costs1
  • Many were guilty, I'll mention the worst,
  • Sutherland's Countess and factor who durst2
  • Tenants expel and their houses burn down,3
  • Brought ruminants in, all white, black and brown.
  • Clansmen evicted from ancestral straths,
  • Fiscal demography was the new maths.4
  • Many set sail for America's shore,
  • Then slyly the fare was hiked up some more,5
  • Stopping poor clansmen from leaving their glen,
  • They're needed to fight Napoleon's men!6
  • Once Boney was beaten no one cared less,
  • Leaving encouraged relieving distress7
  • From failures of crops, poor harvests and blight8
  • Some scurrilous chiefs, with all of their might9
  • Ditched their own clans, loyal service forgot,
  • Lives oversees banned kinsfolk now sought,
  • Loss to the Highland's was Canada's gain,.
  • America too was a winner 'tis plain.10
  • Down in the Lowlands was civil unrest,
  • Electoral franchise was the request11,
  • But during the war it all got suppressed,6
  • Some years later on 'twas put to the test,12
  • Smartly put down, strung up were three leaders,13
  • At last Tories out, Whigs their "succeeders",14
  • Political franchise for many more,15
  • More Scottish MPs allowed than before16
  • Notes
  • 1 The Highland Clearances.
  • 2 A cause célèbre in Highland history.
  • 3 Between 5 and 10 thousand expelled from Strathnaver in 1814.
  • 4 The Highlands were unable to support the growing population.
  • 5 Passenger Vessel Act, 1803.
  • 6 Napoleonic War, (1799-1815).
  • 7 Passenger Act Removed, 1827.
  • 8 Potato blight, 1845; crops 1848,1849.
  • 9Gordon of Cluny in Uists and Barra, Baillie of Dochfour, Lord Cranstoun in Arisaig.
  • Meal provided for relief, Lord MacDonald, resold for a profit instead of bringing it home.
  • 10 Eleven US Presidents were of Scottish descent.
  • 11 United Scotsmen was a secret society established, 1793.
  • 12 "Radical War", 1820.
  • 13 Wilson, Hardie and Baird.
  • 14 General Election, 1830.
  • 15 £10 property owners eg.
  • 16 Reform Bill, 1832.
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